## Sample size to test proportions

Use this calculator to find the minimum sample size required to test the proportions $p_1-p_2$.

Sample Size to test proportion
Confidence Level ($1-\alpha$)
Power ($1-\beta$)
First group proportion: ($p_1$)
Second group proportion: ($p_2$)
Results
Effect Size ($ES$)
Z value: $Z_{1-\alpha/2}$
Z value: $Z_{1-\beta}$
Required Sample Size : ($n$)

## Sample size to test proportions

The formula for determining the sample size required in each group t ensure that the test has a specified power is

$$n_i =2\bigg(\frac{Z_{1-\alpha/2}+Z_{1-\beta}}{ES}\bigg)^2; i=1,2.$$

where

• $\alpha$ is the selected level of significance,
• $1-\beta$ is the selected power and
• $ES$ is the effect size.

The $ES$ is defined as

$$ES=\frac{|p_1-p_2|}{\sqrt{p*(1-p)}}$$

where

• $p_1$ is the proportion for first group,
• $p_2$ is the proportion for second group,
• $p$ is the overall proportion, based on pooling the data from the two comparison groups, that is $p=\frac{p_1+p_2}{2}$.