Confidence Interval for Ratio of Two Variances (F-Distribution)

Use this calculator for confidence intervals comparing population variability/consistency between two groups using the F-distribution (ratio of variances).

When to Use

  • Comparing population variances between two groups
  • Testing homogeneity of variance assumption
  • Quality control: comparing consistency between machines/processes
  • Variability comparison: which process is more stable?

How to Use

Step 1: Paste first group data (comma-separated values)

Step 2: Paste second group data (comma-separated values)

Step 3: Select confidence level (typically 95%)

Step 4: Click “Calculate”

Confidence interval for Variances
  Sample 1 Sample 2
Enter Data (Separated by comma ,)
Confidence Level ($1-\alpha$)
Results
Sample sd:
Degrees of Freedoms:
F Critical values :
Confidence Limit

Formula

$$CI = \left[\frac{s_1^2}{s_2^2} \times \frac{1}{F_{\alpha/2, n_1-1, n_2-1}}, \frac{s_1^2}{s_2^2} \times F_{\alpha/2, n_2-1, n_1-1}\right]$$

Where:

  • $s_1^2, s_2^2$ = sample variances
  • $F_{\alpha/2}$ = F-critical values

Interpreting Results

If 95% CI includes 1:

  • Cannot conclude variances differ
  • Variances are likely equal

If 95% CI doesn’t include 1:

  • Variances likely differ significantly
  • One group has greater variability

Worked Example

Scenario: Comparing precision of two machines. Machine A (n=15): s₁²=25. Machine B (n=15): s₂²=16.

Solution:

  • Ratio: s₁²/s₂² = 25/16 = 1.5625
  • With df=(14,14) and α=0.05
  • CI ≈ [0.54, 4.54]

Interpretation: We’re 95% confident Machine A has 0.54 to 4.54 times the variance of Machine B. Since this includes 1, we cannot definitively say variances differ.


Related: Levene’s Test, Tutorial