Magnetic Flux Density Calculator

Use this magnetic flux density calculator to calculate magnetic flux density using permeability of vaccum,magnetic field strength and magnetization.

Magnetic Flux Density Calculator
Permeability Of Vacuum
Magnetic Field Strength
Magnetization
Magnetic Field Of Straight Solenoid Based On Axis:	{{magneticFluxDensityResult()}}

How to use Magnetic Flux Density Calculator?

Step 1 - Enter the Permeability Of Vacuum

Step 2 - Enter the Magnetic Field Strength

Step 3 - Enter the Magnetization

Step 4 - Calculate Magnetic Flux Density

Magnetic Flux Density Calculator Formula:

B = μo * (H+M)

Where,

B= Magnetic Flux Density

μo= Permeability of Free Space

H= Magnetic Field Strength

M= Magnetization

Frequently Asked Questions

What is magnetic flux density and how is it different from magnetic field strength?

Magnetic flux density (B, measured in Tesla) quantifies the total magnetic field including both applied field and material response. Magnetic field strength (H, measured in A/m) describes only the applied field from external currents. In materials, B = μ₀(H + M), where M is magnetization. B directly determines forces on charges and currents, while H is more useful for circuit analysis. Understanding the distinction is critical for electromagnetic design.

How does material magnetization affect magnetic flux density?

Magnetization (M) is the magnetic moment per unit volume of material. Different materials respond differently: diamagnetic materials oppose applied fields (M opposite to H), paramagnetic materials align with fields (M parallel to H), and ferromagnetic materials show strong alignment. The relationship B = μ₀(H + M) shows that total flux density includes both applied field and material response. Ferromagnetic materials can dramatically increase B through strong magnetization.

When should I use this calculation in electromagnetic design?

Use this formula when designing magnetic circuits with materials (transformers, inductors, electric motors, magnetic shielding). The relationship between H and B is essential for core loss calculations, flux prediction, and saturation analysis. Different materials have different magnetization curves (B-H curves), making material selection crucial for performance.

What are the assumptions in this magnetic flux density calculation?

The calculation assumes linear relationship between H and M in the material, uniform field distribution, and absence of time-varying effects (static magnetic field). Real materials show nonlinear B-H curves with hysteresis. Ferromagnetic materials saturate at high H values, where B levels off. Dynamic effects like eddy currents and frequency-dependent permeability are neglected.

How does magnetic flux density relate to solenoid and inductor design?

Flux density in a solenoid depends on current (via H = nI/l) and core material. Maximum flux density is limited by core saturation, determining maximum current handling. Inductance depends on flux linkage, which increases with B. Understanding flux density is essential for designing inductors and transformers that won’t saturate under normal operation.

Solenoid Magnetic Field Calculator - Calculate axial field from solenoid geometry
Inductance of N-Turn Solenoid - Compute total inductance from geometry
Electromagnetic Field Energy Density - Calculate stored energy from flux density
Force of Magnetic Field - Determine Lorentz forces in magnetic fields

Physical Basis & References

This calculator applies Magnetostatic Constitutive Relationship:

$$B = \mu_0(H + M) = \mu_0 \mu_r H$$

where $\mu_r = 1 + \chi_m$ (relative permeability and magnetic susceptibility)

Key Physics Principles:

Ampere’s Law - Current creates magnetic field H
Magnetization - Material response via atomic/molecular magnetic moments
Flux Density - Total field incorporating material effects
Permeability - Material property characterizing response to applied field

Key Assumptions:

Linear magnetic material (constant μᵣ)
Static magnetic field
Uniform field distribution
Absence of hysteresis/saturation effects
Isotropic material properties

Typical Range of Values:

Magnetic field strength H: 0 to 10⁶ A/m
Magnetization M: -10⁶ to 10⁶ A/m (depending on material)
Flux density B: 0 to 2.5 T (typical materials), up to 10+ T (superconducting magnets)
Relative permeability: 0.99 (diamagnetic) to 10,000+ (ferromagnetic)

Further Reading:

Jackson, J.D. (1998). Classical Electromagnetism, 3rd Edition. Wiley.
Griffiths, D.J. (2013). Introduction to Electrodynamics, 4th Edition. Pearson.
Magnetic Materials - CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook

Conclusion

You can read more about Magnetic dipole Moment Magnetic Field Calculator based on Angle using below link

Read more about other Physics Calculator on below links